Wilderness Therapy: A Review And Application Of System Models

Abstract

A literature review of wilderness therapy, including practical information for perspective clients, and current practitioners and researchers. Differentiates between therapeutic approaches similar to wilderness therapy. Provides support for a humanitarian model, as opposed to a behavioral model. Evidence for systematic change is explained by applying Bronfenbrenner’s Ecological System Theory. Nearly all ecological levels are modified while in wilderness therapy. Change due to wilderness therapy is conceptualized using Thelen and Smith’s Dynamic Systems Theory, which posits that change is dependent on a systematic change. Together the information is valuable for progressing the format of wilderness therapy, and the focusing research on system components rather than solely on outcome-based research.