The Nephroprotective Effects of Sildenafil Citrate Against Contrast Induced Nephropathy : Assessing Efficacy and Determining Appropriate Dosage in Rabbits

Loading...
Thumbnail Image
Authors
Carey, Edward Grant
Issue Date
2014
Type
Thesis
Language
en_US
Keywords
Research Projects
Organizational Units
Journal Issue
Alternative Title
Abstract
Contrast induced nephropathy (CIN) is a clinical condition often exhibited by patients undergoing cardiovascular procedures requiring the visualization of blood vessels. To enhance the visibility of blood vessels, radiocontrast agents, known to be relatively nephrotoxic, are administered to patients. Patients with preexisting conditions that impair kidney function, such as chronic kidney disease, are at a particularly high risk of renal damage. Defined as a relative (≥25%) or absolute (≥0.5 mg/dl) increase in blood serum creatinine concentration, CIN accounts for substantial morbidity and mortality, as well as secondary costs to healthcare institutions. One aim of this study is to examine the potential for sildenafil citrate, a phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor, to curtail the nephrotoxic effects of radiocontrast agents. We exposed New Zealand white rabbits to radiocontrast agent, with half of the animals receiving sildenafil citrate treatment and the remainder receiving a placebo. Using serum creatinine analysis and histopatholgical examination, we offer motivation for future studies to administer multiple doses of sildenafil citrate continually before, during and after radiocontrast agent exposure. A further aim of this study was to determine an appropriate radiocontrast agent dosing protocol for a rabbit CIN model. Using varying doses of radiocontrast agent, we found that an optimal level of radiocontrast agent dose for the investigation of CIN in rabbits is approximately 5.0 mg Ioxilan/kg (I/kg). We conclude that sildenafil citrate is a potential prophylactic option to prevent CIN, though further research using an appropriate radiocontrast agent and sildenafil citrate dosing protocol is necessary to substantiate these findings.
Description
vi, 35 p.
Citation
Publisher
Kalamazoo College
License
U.S. copyright laws protect this material. Commercial use or distribution of this material is not permitted without prior written permission of the copyright holder.
Journal
Volume
Issue
PubMed ID
DOI
ISSN
EISSN