The Psychology of Modernization: Individual and National Identity Development in Iran

Abstract

This paper is an exploration of identity formation during the modernization process. Drawing from psychological as well as sociological theories, it evaluates the Iranian response to modernity in the identity achievement process. The struggle to balance modem and traditional values stands as the primary source of conflict in the individual as well as national quest to develop a "self." This quest has resulted in various responses throughout history: attempts at forced Westernization, rejection of modernism, Islamic fundamentalism, and integration of tradition and modernity. Identity formation is an ongoing process in Iran, as the country copes with globalization and Western influence.